Carly Anne York’s book, The Salmon Cannon and the Levitating Frog, presents a compelling argument for the intrinsic value of basic scientific research. It begins with a personal anecdote from York’s time as a Ph.D. student studying squid biomechanics, where she faced skepticism about the practical benefits of her work. Responding to a question about the necessity of "silly science," she initially struggled to justify the use of taxpayer dollars for what was perceived as frivolous research. However, over a decade of experience in studying animal interactions with their environments has led her to champion the notion that the primary purpose of basic science lies in the pursuit of fundamental understanding rather than immediate applications.
York highlights examples from the field to illustrate her point, notably the story of sea fireflies. For over two decades, scientists were bewildered by their luminescence, a phenomenon generated by a specific molecule-enzyme interaction. Despite the technical challenges involved, Japanese chemist Osamu Shimomura’s eventual isolation of the responsible molecule in 1956 opened up new avenues for research. His work not only clarified the mechanisms behind the glow of jellyfish but also resulted in the discovery of proteins like aequorin and green fluorescent protein, which have since transformed biological research and medical practices. The latter, for instance, enhances surgical visualizations and cancer tracking, ultimately earning Shimomura a Nobel Prize.
The predicament of politicians questioning the value of basic science is another focal point of York’s narrative. She shares the story of David Hu, a fluid dynamics researcher who became humorously dubbed the “most wasteful scientist” after three of his research projects were highlighted in a government report criticizing spending. Among these projects, one focused on the duration required for various mammals to urinate—a seemingly trivial study. Yet, the findings revealed a consistent average of 21 seconds for bladder emptying, which proved significant in medical diagnostics and prosthetic design. Hu’s defense of his work in a Scientific American piece showcases the importance of advocating for scientific exploration, even in the face of skepticism.
York cleverly conveys that scientific research rarely follows a linear path to practical outcomes. The understanding that unexpected benefits can emerge from seemingly unrelated studies serves as a reminder of the unpredictable nature of discovery. In the current climate, where funding for scientific inquiry is under threat, her message resonates strongly. She expresses profound gratitude for pioneering scientists who have previously championed the importance of basic research and advocates for maintaining support for such endeavors.
Through her engaging prose, York invites readers to reconsider their perceptions of basic science. She aims to foster a deeper appreciation for the curiosity-driven research that often forms the bedrock for crucial innovations. The book serves not just as an exploration of scientific projects but as a call to action for the broader community to recognize the multifaceted impact of basic research on society.
In conclusion, The Salmon Cannon and the Levitating Frog is both a celebration of scientific inquiry and a poignant reminder of the essential role that seemingly frivolous research plays in advancing our understanding of the world. Through her witty storytelling and compelling examples, York ultimately argues that basic science should be cherished not just for its immediate benefits, but for the potential it holds to foster unforeseen advancements and enrich human knowledge.
