In a recent article, Philippe Dam, the EU Director of Advocacy at Human Rights Watch, emphasizes the urgency of international action to protect civilians in Syria as violence and atrocities continue to unfold. Despite the hopes for a better future following the overthrow of Bashar al-Assad’s government, the country still faces political and economic collapse, mass summary killings, and atrocities. Dam emphasizes the importance of the EU’s role in supporting Syrians’ aspirations for justice and respect for human rights, particularly at the upcoming Brussels Conference on Syria. It is crucial for the EU to take significant steps to ensure the protection of civilians and support the establishment of a responsible security sector and judiciary that upholds the rule of law.
Dam calls for cooperation with the UN Commission of Inquiry and the International, Impartial, and Independent Mechanism for Syria to help ensure accountability and justice for the crimes committed in the country. He also underscores the need for the EU to address other sources of tensions in Syria, such as the situation in the northeast with the Syrian Democratic Forces and potential violations in southwest Syria. The EU should offer support and expertise to establish credible transitional justice and accountability processes and encourage Syrian authorities to join the International Criminal Court. Building a foundation for lasting stability in Syria requires not only addressing security and justice issues but also tackling the economic collapse and staggering humanitarian needs faced by the Syrian population.
Dam highlights the devastating impact of years of conflict and oppression on the Syrian population, with 90% of Syrians living below the poverty line and half of the population lacking access to enough quality food. He urges Western countries to reconsider the impact of continued sanctions on Syria’s recovery and access to basic services. While the EU has taken some steps to ease sanctions in key sectors, Dam calls for a more comprehensive approach to prevent unnecessary harm to ordinary Syrians. He argues that sectoral sanctions, without specific benchmarks, may not be the most effective tool for supporting Syrians’ aspirations for justice and recovery. The EU should lead efforts to lift sanctions and coordinate with other sanctioning entities to ensure a fair and meaningful approach.
In addition to addressing economic challenges, Dam points out the limited space for civil society to operate in Syria, hindering humanitarian aid efforts and the country’s transition. The EU should advocate for greater openness to the work of independent groups and make commitments to support Syrian refugees in Europe. Dam emphasizes the importance of allowing Syrian refugees to undertake go-and-see-visits without losing their legal status, as supported by EU ministers. The fall of al-Assad has brought hope and uncertainty for millions of Syrians, and it is crucial for the EU and its members to redouble their efforts to assist Syria in breaking away from decades of repression and impunity. By supporting Syrians’ rights and well-being, the EU can make a significant impact on the country’s path towards stability and recovery.
