Livestock play a crucial role in the African food system and rural livelihoods, with around 400 million cattle in Africa alone. They account for a significant portion of the continent’s agricultural gross domestic product. Despite the environmental concerns associated with livestock, they also provide life-changing benefits in terms of nutrition and income generation, especially in areas where other economic opportunities are limited.
Misconceptions about livestock often lead to a lack of investment in the sector, particularly in terms of climate and biodiversity finance. However, at international meetings such as the Conference on Biological Diversity and the Climate Change Conference, it is important to recognize livestock as “solutions with legs” in combatting environmental crises. Countries like Kenya rely heavily on livestock for livelihoods and cultural practices, making it essential to channel funding towards sustainable livestock management.
Livestock can actually play a positive role in biodiversity conservation when managed correctly. Pastoralist communities in Kenya have long understood the benefits of well-managed grazing systems in maintaining ecosystems and promoting biodiversity. Intentional integration of livestock into wildlife conservation strategies in conservancies helps prevent overgrazing and supports both livestock and wildlife populations.
In terms of climate action, livestock are often seen only in terms of their methane emissions. However, sustainable livestock management practices, such as improved rangeland management and climate-smart feeding practices, can significantly reduce emissions and contribute to climate mitigation. Livestock are also crucial for communities facing increasing climate variability, providing a buffer against droughts and other stresses through adaptive mobility and the use of indigenous livestock breeds.
As the global land degradation crisis worsens, sustainable livestock management can be a tool for land restoration and rehabilitation. Practices such as rotational grazing and controlled stocking densities promote soil health, regeneration of landscapes, and overall ecosystem resilience. International climate finance should prioritize support for sustainable livestock systems, recognizing their unique role in addressing environmental challenges while also providing food security, livelihoods, and economic growth.
In conclusion, livestock are not the enemy in the fight against environmental issues. They are an integral part of the solution, particularly in regions like Africa where communities depend on them for survival. It is crucial to shift perceptions and prioritize funding for sustainable livestock management to harness the full potential of livestock in addressing broader environmental challenges while supporting livelihoods and economic growth.
