A recent study revealed that engraved stones found at the ancient German site of Gönnersdorf depict scenes of fish caught in large nets, representing the only known Upper Paleolithic site in Europe to visually represent net-fishing practices. The imaging technique used in the study allowed researchers to uncover previously unnoticed lines etched into eight stones at the site, displaying intricate details of the fishing scenes. These depictions provide insight into the fishing practices of this ancient society, further supported by other artifacts found at the site, such as fish bones and evidence of textile production.
Excavations at Gönnersdorf in the late 1960s and 1970s uncovered various artifacts, including headless female figurines, animal bones, and over 400 engraved stones or plaquettes. The recent study focused on examining these engraved stones using reflectance transformation imaging (RTI), a technique that manipulates light and shadow to reveal details that are not visible through standard magnification studies. Among the findings were representations of fish with forked tails, with one stone displaying a grid of cross-hatched lines likely depicting a fishing net. Several other stones also showed similar net-and-fish scenes, providing more evidence of fishing practices at the site.
The interpretation of the engravings at Gönnersdorf aligns with other discoveries at the site, such as fish bones and signs of textile production, suggesting a society engaged in fishing and possibly weaving. Similar remnants of textiles, baskets, and rope have been found at a few other Upper Paleolithic sites, indicating the importance of these activities in ancient societies. Nets, in particular, would have required group cooperation to set up and operate, especially for catching migrating fish in rivers, highlighting the collective effort needed for such endeavors.
The location of Gönnersdorf on the bank of the Rhine River suggests that it served as a seasonal gathering place for hunter-gatherer groups. These groups likely gathered at the site to engage in fishing activities, as evidenced by the engravings depicting fish caught in nets. The presence of these scenes on the engraved stones provides a glimpse into the daily lives and activities of the ancient inhabitants of Gönnersdorf, shedding light on their methods of obtaining food and resources.
Overall, the discovery of the intricate engravings depicting net fishing on the stones at Gönnersdorf adds to our understanding of the practices and lifestyles of Upper Paleolithic societies in Europe. The use of advanced imaging techniques allowed researchers to uncover detailed scenes that were previously unnoticed, highlighting the importance of innovative methods in archaeological research. These findings contribute valuable information to the study of ancient cultures and their relationship with the environment, providing a fascinating glimpse into the past.
