Colorectal or colon cancer has become a prominent topic in recent years, especially with the passing of celebrities like Chadwick Boseman. The American Cancer Society projects that in 2025, there will be around 107,320 new cases of colon cancer in the US, with a relatively equal split between men and women. While the overall rates of colon cancer have decreased in older adults, there has been a concerning increase of 2.4% each year in people under the age of 55. Understanding the signs, risk factors, and prevention methods for colon cancer is crucial.
Colon cancer originates in the colon, which is part of the large intestine, and it typically begins with the abnormal growth of polyps that eventually develop into cancerous cells over time. These polyps are often small and may not cause noticeable symptoms. Regular screening is highly recommended, especially for those with risk factors or experiencing symptoms such as bleeding from the rectum, blood in the stool, changes in bowel habits, constipation or diarrhea, stomach pain, weight loss, among others. Studies have shown that colon cancer tends to grow differently in men compared to women, with women being more likely to develop a more aggressive type known as right-sided colon cancer.
Several risk factors can increase one’s chances of developing colon cancer, including age (50 years or older), family history of the disease, chronic inflammatory conditions like ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, poor diet high in fat and low in fiber, alcohol consumption, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity. Making dietary changes by incorporating more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can be beneficial in reducing the risk of colon cancer. Foods like berries, grapes, broccoli, and brown rice contain essential nutrients and antioxidants that may help prevent cancer. Moderating alcohol consumption and quitting smoking, as well as engaging in regular exercise, can also lower the risk.
When it comes to prevention, cancer screening is crucial, and the average person should begin screening for colon cancer around age 45, or earlier if they have increased risk factors. Nutrition plays a significant role in preventing colon cancer, and incorporating a variety of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains into one’s diet can provide essential nutrients and antioxidants. Moderating habits like smoking and alcohol consumption is also important, as well as staying physically active through regular exercise. Aim for 150 minutes of activity weekly to maintain a healthy body weight and lower the risk of colon cancer.
It is essential for individuals to be proactive in understanding the signs and risk factors of colon cancer, as well as taking steps towards prevention through healthy lifestyle choices. With the increasing rates of colon cancer, particularly in younger age groups, awareness and early detection are key in improving outcomes and reducing the impact of this disease. By incorporating a balanced diet, staying active, and getting regular screenings, individuals can empower themselves to lower their risk of developing colon cancer and lead healthier lives.
